Психология

The article presents the results of theoretical reflection of the “giftedness” construct, which is currently not only included in the field of priority areas of scientific research, but also meets the needs, demands and challenges of a rapidly changing modern society. The basic concepts that operate on the concept of “giftedness” are analyzed, and three groups of approaches to the study of giftedness are conditionally identified: personality-centered, socially-oriented, and culturally-oriented.

The problem of religious motivation gives a deeper understanding of the religious identity of believers, the religious values of systems and their coherence, the specifics of socio-psychological interaction. The religious motivation of the Jews is not well understood. The aim of the work is to study the religious motivation of the Jews and identify its specificity. The study is organized as a quantitative measurement using a psychological inventory and questionnaire and subsequent statistical analysis of the results. In our study, we used the model of Stojkovich I.

 The article deals with the actual problem of parental tolerance as a systemic phenomenon and one of the important components of parenthood. The study is devoted to identifying the features of the psychological content of parental tolerance in the upbringing of preschool and primary school children (childhood age). The novelty of the methodology lies in the application of a system-activity approach, as well as the use of a number of author’s methods.

Тhe role of control structures in the economic activity of both the state and private enterprises is increasing. The personnel of control, audit and controlling structures perform specific tasks and are an effective tool for managing the personnel system. Therefore, special personal and professional requirements are imposed on them. Specialists must have certain professional knowledge, specific cognitive characteristics and communication qualities.

The article deals with the actual problem of interpersonal relations among military personnel. The urgency of studying this problem is determined by the high importance of this special social group, which performs the function of protecting society and the state.

The article presents the author’s method of diagnostics of branch types of organizational culture, developed on the basis of the branch model of organizational culture by T. Deal and A. Kennedy. The authors of the model identified four branch types of organizational culture – trading, speculative, investment, and administrative. The criteria for distinguishing between them were the speed of feedback and the degree of risk.

The article is devoted to the study of the specifics of sociopsychological characteristics of families of adolescents with different types of autoaggressive behavior. The study involved 1,977 people, aged 10–18 years. Methods were used to identify the risks of suicidal, self-harming behavior, use of substances, as well as a questionnaire to study the socio-psychological characteristics of adolescent families.

The article represents the results of the development and verifying the express method for studying economic activity. As a result of theoretical analysis, four approaches to the study of economic activity were identified, one of which is purely psychological. In the framework of this approach, the definition of economic activity is formulated as the characteristic of a person, manifested in the level of intensity and initiative of the interaction with objects of economic reality (in the role of a consumer, entrepreneur, employee, borrower, investor, etc.).

The article presents the results of the empirical study which serves the purpose to analyze and compare value profiles of modern university lecturers and students as the main subjects of educational process. To verify the assumption that there was no value gap between the representatives of the studied groups a research among 80 participants (60 students and 20 teachers) has been made. The “Portrait Questionnaire” by S. Schwartz was used as a diagnostic tool and the criterion Mann – Whitney was used to establish the significance of the differences.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the system of values in individuals with different models of reproductive behavior. Studies of domestic and foreign authors on this issue are carried out to a greater extent in the framework of sociological research. Preferences and interests making up a social portrait of the representatives of the “childfree” and the degree of tolerance of youth to this movement are identified. In psychological research, a hierarchy of values and personal characteristics of childfree representatives are determined.