Философия

In a dynamically changing society, the problem of the formation of value attitudes and the preservation of traditions is one of the main and paramount issues for the construction of social relations. State policy aimed at constructive interaction of various institutions responsible for socialization is a guarantee of the stability of social relations themselves.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of immortality in the context of the philosophy of posthumanism. The problem of immortality has always worried humanity. In fairy tales and myths, religious systems and scientific research, it occupies a central place, which relates to the natural desire of a person to live forever. In the philosophy of posthumanism, this problem acquires new meanings, moving from a purely speculative metaphysical field to the sphere of practice.

The article is devoted to the analysis of transformations of social practices and the corresponding forms of personal identifi cation. The article defi nes the concepts of "practice" and "social practice", and indicates their important components. The author asserts that standardization, massifi cation and virtualization are signifi cant trends in the transformation of social practices and personal identifi cation.

It is proved that the superrationality of Christian mystical experience qualitatively diff ers from the superrationality of other mystical traditions. In addition to the superrationality of Eternity as an invariant of all sacred traditions, Christian experience is superrational in the aspect of the Coming state of adoration, which is a task, not a given. This aspect is unique as an attribute of Christian mystical experience only. In the aspect of Eternity, mystical unity with the God is understood in metaphors of rotation, fusion and dissolution.

The actual debate on human identity is dominated by a one-sided definition of person: It focuses on rationality, language and consciousness of time, in brief on self-consciousness. The relevance of the body is constrained to its physiological functions. Yet as lived body it is also an expression of the inner life, of feelings, emotions and mental acts. As expression of the variety of intentional acts the relation of body and mind can be defined as a symbolic relation, as Ernst Cassirer, an important representative of neo-Kantianism, argues.

The article deals with current problems of understanding the phenomenon of identity in a dialectical relationship with the phenomenon of alienation in the Western philosophical tradition. Special attention is devoted to the articulation of identity and alienation in a single dyad by Marx. In the context of Marxist ideas, an attempt is made to reveal the content of the «identity–alienation» dyad in relation to the human being in a modern capitalist society. It seems? That in the realities of modern capitalism the process of see-alienation does not pass or anyone.

The paper is devoted to the analysis of ethical and existential grounds of a man’s social being through the philosophy of O. F. Bollnow. Actually his philosophy can be considered as the positive existentialism and thus it focuses on positive perception of society and history in their human dimension. The basic concept of the philosophy of Bolnow is «humanity». What is meant is the struggling through sense of danger, fear and vulnerability in risky environment of the modern civilization.

The article is dedicated to a problem of algorithms of world-learning and understanding of philosophical consciousness in Russia and China. The author bases a proof of legitimacy of categorical and algorithmic description of world-learning dynamics and refers to analogy of analytical procedure of conducting of algorithmization of levels of abstraction through language of mathematical symbols and philosophical universals.

Ontological status of name and number in Russian and Chinese philosophy – is the subject of the article. Russian onomatology and Chinese school of ming jia are compared. According to onomatology of Paul Florensky, name and number – are two different ontological principle of being-organization. The number is the source of an external and objective being of things. The name is the source of inner and personal being. The number is the source of time and space. The name is the core of personality and the source of spontaneity and duty.

The research into the fashion formation stages in the article has allowed to trace the formation processes of behavioral and property preferences, as well as the development of the social rank hierarchy system. The study of the language practices significance has defined the importance of their role in the regulation and preservation of daily being order.