Философия

Western thought contains the system of the fundamental ideas that getting through its entire history determined also the large historical epochs’ individuality. Among them are the ideas of ??????? and ?????. The Christian understanding entirety of Logos-Word depends on the adequate understanding of the Greek school of thought that it follows. The «word» and the «truth» were the closely connected ideas in the Greek philosophy, but with the process of the Greek thought rationalization, the essential estrangement became more significant.

Sociality is a specific quality of connections, relationships and dependencies between individuals and social groups that create and reproduce many times historically conditioned model of social relations, continuously maintaining the stability and unique character of the established social order. Features of the sociality can be given on the basis of four dimensions units that characterize the irreducible to each other biological, social, cultural and psychological features of the processes deployment in social space.

The article is focused on the process of environmental conscience globalization, which is founded on human consciousness ability to perceive and recognize existence of a single biosphere + human community system. Planetary environmental conscience evolvement and formation factors are studied, such factors being: empirical knowledge acquired when a person is interacting with natural environment, great discoveries, international commercial and economic relations widening, travelers and scientists’ writings.

This paper analyzes the research strategies of social and liberal sciences, focused on local, individual forms of existence of the social. It emphasizes that in this context particularly the certain, individual becomes the principle which organizes social reality. The change in the methodological milestones is considered on the historical (microhistory) and social science (biographical method) material. It grounds impossibility of «grasp» of the certain sociality measures when using research «optics» on the macroconcepts level.

Article is devoted to the influence of spiritual foundations of the political order and modernization development companies. In the center is a comparative analysis of historical experience and prospects of Russia and China. The article is devoted to the impact of spiritual foundations on the political order and development of society in terms of modernization. Historical experience and prospects of Russia and China are in the center of the comparative analysis.

In the paper the problem of applicability of scientific criterions in the process of construction of humanitarian theory. Subjectness, objectivity, truth, validity, verification, falsification as criterions were formed in natural sciences. These criteria should be interpreted in a new way in view of specificity of humanitarian knowledge. The analysis of the problem is based on studying a historical example of construction of a humanitarian theory. As an example experience of construction of the theory of law by Hans Kelsen in jurisprudence is examined.

This article is devoted to the analysis of problems and specifics of theological discourse in Antiquity. The article deals with the categorical apparatus of ancient philosophy, which was later reinterpreted by Christian theologians. Interaction of Theology in its formation with the philosophy and the natural sciences was very intense and fruitful. Reasons communicative proximity of theology and philosophy are seen us in the style of human thinking. Ancient philosophers have tried to find the fundamental basis of being the world and man.

The article deals with one of the important problems of social philosophy – the problem of the relation of social being and social consciousness. Using the conceptual framework of classical philosophy, the authors give a modern interpretation of the basic question of philosophy, and refers to the events in Russia of the late XX – early ХХI centuries. This is not by accident, since these events are truly momentous in its history. The article concludes that modernity confirms the importance and the actuality of the basic question of social philosophy.

The article is devoted to a problem of a subject of inter-civilization dialogue between Russia and China. The author proves a methodological and theoretical legitimacy of civilizational approach to solution of the problem of determination of moral grounds of this subject. Based on the indentified methodological positions, he carries out a comparative analysis of value of the spiritual-moral priorities of cultural traditions of Russia and China. It is based on the idea of «person – а moral force», V. S. Solovyov and the ideal of «the noble husband» Confucius.

The article author examines the country’s post-Soviet (post-1991) development stages in terms of its both political and economic modernization. The author notes that at the first stage of reforms, the Russian government used a reflected scenario when implementing the reforms while copying the Western development scenario for the most part. Eventually, the government has managed to build an imperfect political and economic model which was rejected by the broad public. In the end, under Putin, it led to the change in the modernization vector.