The article is dedicated to a problem of algorithms of world-learning and understanding of philosophical consciousness in Russia and China. The author bases a proof of legitimacy of categorical and algorithmic description of world-learning dynamics and refers to analogy of analytical procedure of conducting of algorithmization of levels of abstraction through language of mathematical symbols and philosophical universals. Based on it, the author deduces categorical algorithms which appear in ontological references of Russian religious philosophy and in the Chinese traditional philosophy, Taoism. It allows conducting categorical and algorithmic comparison of differing historical types of world outlook for studied cultures. As shows in the article, a source of these distinctions is, on the one hand, antinomy of religious and philosophical outlooks of Russian religious philosophy, and, on the other hand, of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. As a result, author indicates the interesting direction of development of categorically relevant and methodologically sustained concept of mental world outlook distinctions of philosophical consciousness in Russia and China.