ontology

Introduction. The article reveals some methodological aspects of the phenomenological discussion of the personal subject. The dispute is caused by realistic tendencies in phenomenology, according to which the totality of properties of a thing allows us to assert the existence of their ontological basis, which is contained in the essence of the thing. In the case of a human being, such ontological foundation is the soul, which determines the basic characteristics of the personality that exist prior to any constitution. Theoretical analysis.

Introduction. The article is devoted to consideration of the state of modern ontological thought. It is no coincidence that after Heidegger there is virtually no systematic consideration of the concept of being in philosophy. Does this mean that the problem of being has lost its relevance? Or does this indicate that the concept of being continues (albeit in a negative way) to determine the face of modern philosophy?

The article is devoted to the rituals and ceremonial acts of Maslenitsa, also the elements of Russian mythology are explored. The author refers to the methodology of the philosophy of Name, the symbolic concept of speech and language, as well as the concept of the ontological mutual convertibility of language and time phenomenon, which are described in the works by V. A. Friauf and V. V. Kanafeva. The publication analyzes the deities and mythological characters and the embodiment of the fertility power of Maslenitsa complex – Volos and Mokosh‘.

The article considers the ontological significance of the Eucharistic theology by S. Bulgakov, as it is presented in his works «Christ in the world» (1940). The author considers some prerequisites for development of this type of ontology in the framework of biblical Revelation about the creation of the world. The obstacles to building an adequate ontology of creation and incarnation in the traditional European metaphysics, since the latter is based on platono-Aristotelian model of the Cosmos is self-sufficient. This work of S. N.

The article deals with the problem of relation between metaphysical and onto-hermeneutical understanding of being in fundamental ontology of Martin Heidegger. The author demonstrates that critical investigation of metaphysical theses about being constitutes the main problems of fundamental ontology. The result of Heideggers investigation was a new form of posing a question about relation between being and truth in the context of explication of ontological problematic of presence (Dasein).

The article deals with the problem of the religious nature of the existential philosophy of N. A. Berdyaev and L. I. Shestov. A comparative analysis of their concepts in relation to the Christian interpretation of freedom has been carried out. It is shown that the concept of freedom can be expressed not only by its own semantic meaning (semantics), but also be reflected in the intuitive experience of existential cognition. Thus, the substantial freedom in the personal perception of N. Berdyaev and L.

The article analyzes some conceptual models of modern science, which border on metaphysics, that is, when working with them, they require an assessment of their ontological and cognitive status. The concepts of “dark” or “black” matter are considered in connection with the so-called problem of “mass defect”, and negative quantities in mathematics.

The article considers the ontological significance of the objective phenomenology of Alain Badiou, as it is presented in his works «Logic of worlds» and «Second manifesto for philosophy». The author compares Badiou’s phenomenology with the phenomenological projects of Husserl and Heidegger, noting its subject less character.

The article deals with the ontological status of the concept of contemplation in the philosophy of Plotinus. The author reveals the nature and methodological foundations of Plotinus ’general approach to analysis of the contemplation and its relationship with the teleological vision of the Good in Platonism. The structure of contemplation is investigated in the context of the relationship of various levels of natural existence. Special attention is paid to the relationship of contemplation with the key concepts for Plotinus like the soul, the mind, and the one.

The article is dedicated to a problem of algorithms of world-learning and understanding of philosophical consciousness in Russia and China. The author bases a proof of legitimacy of categorical and algorithmic description of world-learning dynamics and refers to analogy of analytical procedure of conducting of algorithmization of levels of abstraction through language of mathematical symbols and philosophical universals.