The paper is devoted to the analysis of ethical and existential grounds of a man’s social being through the philosophy of O. F. Bollnow. Actually his philosophy can be considered as the positive existentialism and thus it focuses on positive perception of society and history in their human dimension. The basic concept of the philosophy of Bolnow is «humanity». What is meant is the struggling through sense of danger, fear and vulnerability in risky environment of the modern civilization. To overcome all mentioned, «new defence» should be created, being uncovered by the following notions: «motherland», «hope», «gratefulness», «and festival». Social «chronotope» comes into existence in the identity of social environment and social time in their human (ethical and existential) understanding.