Психология

The paper discusses the fundamental principles of the author’s approach to social-psychological analysis of collective and individual models of the world. The role and significance of four universal characteristics of the world expressed through the notions of randomness (chaos), antagonisticness, mechanisticness, and organismicness and all the relations and processes in the world that determine the evolution of the human society are considered.

The results of our psychological analysis and theoretical reflections of different conceptions and paradigms which deal with the category of situation are presented. Four primary approaches are resolved, namely: stimulus, eventually-biographical, person-centric, and subject-object ones. Each approach represents the corresponding type of situation, namely: an actual situation, a life event, a subjective situation, and a psychological situation. The application of any approach is determined by the purposes and tasks of a specific research.

The paper is devoted to the subjective significance of the family and returning the basic spiritual values and traditions to it in the modern Russian society. An original cultural-psychological typology of the modern Russian family, based on own professional experience in family consulting, is presented. The increasing spirituality is regarded as a factor of family integration and human harmony. 

Factor analysis appeared in the framework of resolving psychological problems has become popular in many sciences with statistical representation of experimental data. The complexity and ambiguity of its conceptual approaches make its use difficult, especially for young scientists. We have posed a task to clarify special features of difficult points in factor analysis as much as possible without any loss of mathematical accuracy.

Such sources of situational sense formation of emigratory intention as motives, spiritual values, significant experience related to perception of various fairy-tale and mythological images of the local culture; stable individual methods of sense regulation in difficult situations of life are considered. The results of our empirical study of sense formation factors of the emigratory intention of students in the modern cultural and historical situation are presented.

The paper treats the problem of subjective well-being as conditioned by the valuable and semantic formations of a person in his/her professional self-determination.

The article discusses the motives and functions of self-injurious acts
in ritual practices of primitive tribes, religious rituals and modern
practices of body modification.

The article covers the results of empirical research specific character of attitudes to law, and state in different conditions of professional socialization. The author has revealed stable and significant differences in students’ perception of law and state that results from different conditions of primary professional socialization.

The article deals with the problem of experiencing feelings of guilt of
convicted men and women. The results of this study are important for
psychological practices in penal institutions when building a program
of resocialization for work with prisoners.

The result of theoretical psychological analysis of the criminal activity
are pleaded with the sidelines of career approach; the model of criminal
action is described.