Философия

Introduction. The existence of any state, in addition to ideological, social, economic and legal aspects, is based on the most important factor of functioning in the form of the existence of certain nations and people living on its territory. Domestic and global processes have predetermined the need to distinguish between the concepts of ethnos and nation, as well as a more in-depth study of nationalism. Theoretical analysis.

Introduction. The meaning of life is a topic that has attracted a new wave of interest in analytical philosophy. However, with all the abundance of publications, there are many aspects that, in our opinion, have received insufficient coverage. Among them, we focus on the idea of looking at the future as relevant for determining the meaning and possible contributions of social philosophy to the discourse of the meaning of life. Theoretical analysis.

Introduction.The paper brings the analysis of the history of the theory of “civic humanism”. In his early works (1930–1940) H. Baron proposed a new vision of humanistic political philosophy as a republican worldview linked to contemporary political and social life of Italian citystates. This vision gained a wide popularity as well as his monographs of 1950s. At the same time the so-called “Baron thesis” was accepted as a new paradigm of the Renaissance studies and – on the other hand – was exposed to a detailed scrutiny and critics.

Introduction. At present, the issue of defining the parameters of attribution to a philosophical school in the historical and philosophical aspect continues to be debatable. This issue can be presented both in a broad sense - defining the parameters of attribution to a philosophical school common to philosophical schools, and in a narrow sense – the possibility of identifying the “Moscow Metaphysical School”. Theoretical analysis.

Introduction. Eight letters of 1928, related to the philosopher’s lecture tour in the Baltics – in Riga and Dvinsk (now Daugavpils) – are published from the rich epistolary collection of Semyon Ludvigovich Frank, addressed to his wife Tatyana Sergeevna Frank (nee Bartseva, 1886–1984).

Introducton. The article is devoted to the analysis of the social foundations of war in the context of emergence and development of capitalism. The historical, political, ethical and anthropological foundations of war as a way of social human existence are considered. Theoretical analysis. It is proposed to consider the relationship between war and revolution through the historical transformation of the methodological concept of “freedom” (Hannah Arendt).

Introduction. In one of its roles political philosophy can act as a theoretical and methodological level of political science, and in this sense is necessary for the full development of the latter. The article presents a philosophical and critical analysis of the problems generated by a simplified understanding of the system approach in political research using the example of studying systems of government. Theoretical analysis. Three main problems have been identified. First, the logical ambiguity of the concept of “system of government”.