Философия

The main subject of the article includes the characteristics of the evolution of consciousness and culture in general from the standpoint of the synergetic philosophy of history exploring the evolution of complex socio-cultural systems, the processes of selforganization at the phenomena level (non-equilibrium, bifurcation) and at the level of essence (selection, super-selection).

Referring to the research literature on Catholic traditionalism, as well as the works of the traditionalist Catholics themselves (whose most prominent representative was the Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre), we invariably come across a whole variety of definitions and self-determination of traditionalist groups. These definitions are built, as a rule, upon the fact that the Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) turned out to be the cause and the moment of birth for Catholic traditionalism.

The philosophy of language is the central motive of the social philosophy of J. Habermas. Language is perceived as a transcendental subject, which is able to act as the unifying basis of culture and overcome the existing isolation of the spheres of science, morality and art. The nature of the language is interpreted in hermeneutic manner as a “great conversation” that can recreate the universal conditions of a possible conception of the world.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the determining role of virtual reality in contemporary society. The author is positive about virtual processes that can become a tool for the development of a social system. The trend of virtualization of classical social institutions is being asserted. The author examines the history of the concept of “virtual reality”: from medieval approaches to Russian virtual studies. Virtual reality is recognized as a multi-layered formation, whose interpretation is not limited only to digital virtual reality.

The article deals with the problem of the religious nature of the existential philosophy of N. A. Berdyaev and L. I. Shestov. A comparative analysis of their concepts in relation to the Christian interpretation of freedom has been carried out. It is shown that the concept of freedom can be expressed not only by its own semantic meaning (semantics), but also be reflected in the intuitive experience of existential cognition. Thus, the substantial freedom in the personal perception of N. Berdyaev and L. Shestov is opposed to the essence of the material-rationalistic understanding.

In the article presented, it is established that the basis for a digital society is the digital environment. The study of technologies outside the context of anthropological and social experience is insufficient, therefore, for the consideration of a digital society, the hybridization of Software studies and digital humanities is a productive one. It is established that the digital society is not only the result of technological progress, but also the result of the changing experience of mankind.

The article analyzes the interaction of creativity and tradition in times of crisis situations in culture. The author took as a basis the crisis situation in culture during the twentieth century in connection with the development of a new artistic trend of modernity, which tried to destroy the canonical foundations in art. The crisis in the culture of the twentieth century was considered on the basis of the analysis of the concepts of O. Spengler, H. Ortega-i-Gasset, V. Weidle, P. Sorokin, and J. Huizinga.

The article is devoted to the social ontological analysis of culture in its anthropological reflection. The problem field of the ontology of culture initially involves the process of anthropogenesis. We are talking about the consideration of the origin of human society and culture with the help of the comparative-historical method of genealogy, aimed at identifying the origins and beginnings of human existence. The specificity of the philosophical method of Friedrich Nietzsche’s genealogy is considered.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the ontological status of the atmosphere, conditions and qualities that contribute to the formation of atmospheric effects. The semantic line of the text is a spatial dimension of the atmosphere, which is connected, first of all, with the unique spaces of art, set by the sensual modalities of being as presence and event. It is important to emphasize that the basic layer of these experiences marks the richness of life contact with the world. Mood as a condition of entrance to the event is the condition of the atmosphere at the same time.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the artistic-figurative objectification of the idea of the Overman in M. Gorky‘s literary works. The study addresses the problem of Gorky’s Nietzscheanism, his receptive dialogue with F. Nietzsche’s philosophy and the semantic development of the Übermensch concept. The aim of the work is to identify the forms of artistic embodiment of the Overman idea and the peculiarities of its semantic interpretation in typical characters of Gorky’s early works.