Философия

Article is devoted social philosophically to the analysis of one of actual problems of modern gender researches – permutation of the gender text of culture in a postmodern situation. The author reveals the main signs of cardinal changes which undergo gender very types of classical culture. The special attention in article is paid to the analysis of a wide range sociocultural a determinant which cause deep metamorphoses of genders of masculine and feminny type.

Freedom in synergetics meaning was defined as a specific analogue of accidental, as a factor changing the ratio of evolutionary capabilities of the system. Freedom emerges only under the super- selection’s conditions that is under the control of the subject over the variety of forms of selection and ultimately over the course of social evolution. The problem of the article partly reduces to the position that causes the debates about the freedom on the issue of known accidental.

This article is devoted to consideration of the main tendences in solving by modern western christian theologians the problem of relations between Christianity and science. Today here is elaborated a new vision on history and modern state of interrelations between science and theology. Here is stressed an injustice of statesments about their principally opposition and fixed a positive influence of Christianity on the development of European science. There is no common theologian opinion about the mode of modern interrelations between theology and science.

In the paper an attempt is taken to comprehend a man’s world through philosophical method of phenomenology. It’s about the unity of phenomenology and philosophy of life in their ontological meaning. This approach helps search for a man’s place in the world, it helps comprehend life processes, and define values and landmarks. E. Husserl’s conception of «the vital world» is considered to become a true standard to follow. It is disclosed through the contraposition with «the world of science».

The article considers the ethical concept of N. G. Debolskiy (1842– 1918), an idealist philosopher who created a system of phenomenal formalism, based on the unification of the philosophy of nature, metaphysics and ethics. Particular attention is focused on the identification of specific content and specific signs of the «supreme goal» of a person’s moral activity; reveals the hierarchy of «supreme goals» and its direct interaction with lower goals, which determines human activity.

The article presents a comparative analysis of the solutions proposed by ancient thinkers for one of the central issues of aesthetics and the philosophy of art relating to the norm of taste. In the grounds of the norm of taste problem lies the dilemma: is a certain something beautiful because we like it, or do we like it, on the contrary, because it is perfectly? In other words, «do artist create the Beauty or appear it within things?». This dilemma had different solutions in ancient philosophy.

The article is devoted to the historical-philosophical reconstruction of the subject on the correlation of the philosophical component of the hermeneutic understanding of language as experience the world of artistic representation in art The concept of the experience represented in art, and experience of understanding the truth reveal the essence of philosophical knowledge, surpassing the limits and boundaries of scientific knowledge.

The paper is devoted to the social philosophy analysis of education through a method of hermeneutics. The hermeneutic paradigm of education includes tradition and memory, science and history, world of actual life and social institutions, thus revealing its structural complication and a vast range of aspects inside it. It is noted, that the historical development of education is associated with the change in value of natural and social, political and moral. In the philosophy of M. Heidegger and D.

Статья посвящена рассмотрению проблемы рационального и иррационального в познании в русской критической философии А. И. Введенского и В. Э. Сеземана. Выделяется спе- цифика методологии Введенского в его исследованиях возможности достижения цельного мировоззрения, основанного на критическом подходе в теории познания. Обозначенная в рамках критической методологии проблема демаркации научного и вненаучного знания показывает самоочевидность существования взаимоотношения между рациональными и иррациональными феноменами.

В статье анализируется развитие института медицины в со- временном обществе. Выявляются особенности его функцио- нирования в связи с формированием нового типа производства знания. Раскрывается понятие трансдисциплинарности как спо- соба формирования такого знания, которое выходит за рамки сложившихся научных дисциплин.