Freedom and Responsibility in the Context of Consciousness Evolution: Synergetic Analysis
The main subject of the article includes the characteristics of the evolution of consciousness and culture in general from the standpoint of the synergetic philosophy of history exploring the evolution of complex socio-cultural systems, the processes of selforganization at the phenomena level (non-equilibrium, bifurcation) and at the level of essence (selection, super-selection). The main problem is to show that the synthesis of chaos and order in nature and in society transfers into the synthesis of freedom and responsibility in culture which is demonstrated using the example of the evolution of consciousness, where the transition from unconscious forms to a conscious behavior is interpreted as the subject’s way of life in an artificial environment and culture the core of which is language. The original argumentation of this thesis is presented in the following sequence: a) the formation of basic behavioral stereotypes (archetypes) and the myth as the forms of adaptation and transformation of human consciousness in the context of the development of functional asymmetry of brain activity and the development of sexual dimorphism functions; b) the analysis of the relations between selection and logical conclusion; c) the analysis of selection and a free choice taking the interpretation of Gilgamesh epos as an example; d) the correlation between selection and super-selection in the aspect of the relations between freedom and responsibility via analysis of the “Prigogine’s paradox about freedom”. The analysis of the prospects of the development of consciousness in future leads us to the idea of super-attractor that is the movement of socio-cultural systems in the direction of the formation of superman and super-humanity.
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