morality

The article describes spirituality as the highest value and the basis
of the existence of a person. The key point of the article is that
the process of becoming a spiritual person doesn’t happen all on
its own and doesn’t depend on the subject itself. On the contrary,
this process requires a certain amount of efforts to happen and
even an inner heroic deed of person, seeking for a spiritual and
cultural growth. The conclusion is that the spirituality is a unique

Исследуется влияние разных эпох на физическую культуру, связь физической культуры с особенностями различных социо-культурных систем, с их эволюцией на важнейших этапах социально-экономического и культурного развития общества. Физкультурная деятельность представлена как единство духовной и двигательной сторон. Доказывается, что физическая культура формирует гармонию духовных и телесных сил человека.

In clause philosophical problems of sports, it social and cultural bases are considered. The basic accent is done revealing spiritually-moral a determinant of an investigated phenomenon. Sports activity initially human oriented and the main task of modern system of physical training and formation consists in preservation and development of the given humanistic beginning.

In the article the ethical component of the philosophical concept of Henry Lanz is considered. Being the representative of the «young» generation of the Russian Neo-Kantianism, Lanz contemplates an immortality problem as a problem that has the substantiation in ethics and he incorporates Neo-Kantian duality into the concept of immortality.

In the article the potential of tragic as strong factor of influence upon moral spirit of man in the sphere of electronic virtual (computer) reality (EVR) are analyzed. EVR is considered as a special type of «soft» reality, characterized by particular existential-constructive function, which gives one an opportunity to realize his resourses.

The article considers the dialectical correlation between patriotism, morality and spirituality. Spirituality is interpreted as the main condition and basis of all moral qualities and abilities of the human being, including patriotism. In comparison with patriotism as a spiritual quality of the person, spirituality looks like a transcendental condition of personal existence, which allows us to interpret it more fundamental and, therefore, primary phenomenon.

The article explores the moral nature of philosophy. The source of philosophy is the duality of human existence. Philosophy is moral in its essence, being a way of life which actualizes the contradictory unity of the dual human nature in thoughts and deeds. Historically, there were three types of understanding the philosophy: the Sophia type, the epistemic type and the technematic type. The Sophia type, first formulated by Pythagoras, comes from the idea of love of wisdom. Being the fullness of knowledge, wisdom is accessible only to God.

In the XXI century, the humanity continues to actively transform the world, technological progress puts rationalism in the first place as a worldview. Of course, the balance between rationalism and irrationalism in one time dimension and cultural space is difficult to achieve, each of these types periodically prevails and therefore has a specific impact on culture. At the same time, periods of changing cognitive and value orientations may be accompanied by crisis phenomena of a moral and ethical nature.

The article is devoted to the philosophical views and world outlook of F. M. Dostoevsky. The author analyzes the validity of accusation of Dostoevsky in “a new Christianity”. Based on the comparison of the writer’s own thoughts and polemical statements about his work by such philosophers as V. S. Solovyov, V. V. Rozanov, D. S. Merezhkovsky, and M. I. Tugan-Baranovsky, the author provides the description of Dostoevsky’s “new Christianity”.

The article is devoted to the complex problem of the development of Russian Neo-Kantianism in the context of the history of transcendental philosophy. The general tendency of the development of transcendental philosophy in the form of “the history of motives”, identified on the basis of historical and philosophical analysis, is outlined. The formation of Russian Neo-Kantianism as an original creative direction is the result of its development in the context of German Neo-Kantian methodology and the pursuit of Russian philosophers for independent thinking.