To characterize psychological processes occurred while understanding and remembering a text, the conception of empirical logic as it is understood by N. A. Vasiliev can be applied. The analysis of the metacognition procedure, conducted using the models of the training texts, has shown that certain phenomenological manifestations are characteristic for expansion and deepening as the main cognitive strategies. It has been revealed that the possibility of the realization of the expansion strategies depend on the functional state of the subject, on the presence or absence of the mental and speech pathologies, on the age and individual peculiarities and on the influence of the social environment. While conducting the chronometric experiment, it has been stated that the realization of the expansion strategy demands certain time costs.