Introduction. The article is devoted to the issues of human ecology, the choice of the optimal way for the interaction between science and the human body and consciousness. Transhumanism and bioethics have different views on solving this problem. Theoretical analysis. Developing NBIC-technologies set as their task the global transformation of a person. The idea of creating people-cyborgs and digital copies of human consciousness is considered. Also, modern concepts of the development of science provide for the chipization of a person within the framework of the Neuronet-2035 project. The ethical side of the issue is important. The basic principles of bioethics partially allow technological intervention in the human body, but its degree is not spelled out anywhere. In this regard, a subjective interpretation of the principles of “do no harm”, “do good”, “fairness” and “respect for the autonomy of the patient” is acceptable. Conclusion. Human ecology involves the search and development of effective methods for improving human existence in the “society-nature” system. At the same time, the quality of both the person himself and his environment should be improved. The modern anthropocentric approach to solving this problem has not given any positive results. It is possible that cyborgization will partially solve it, but as a result of this, the person himself will disappear.