For citation:
Komarov V. V. Archetypal images of a leader. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philosophy. Psychology. Pedagogy, 2024, vol. 24, iss. 1, pp. 84-89. DOI: 10.18500/1819-7671-2024-24-1-84-89, EDN: DHTIHR
Archetypal images of a leader
Introduction. The article examines the archetypal images of the leader, reveals the concept of the archetype of the leader, shows the image of the leader in the context of different historical and cultural epochs. Theoretical analysis. The analysis of key sources on the topic was carried out, the theory of the archetype and the collective unconscious of K. Jung was chosen as the methodological basis of the research. The author also gives the comparative analysis of leadership archetypes and modern ideas about the archetypes of leaders based on the own typology of leadership styles and V. G. Turkina’s approach to the analysis of the archetypes of the modern hero-leader through the prism of key parameters of mass society. Conclusion. Of particular importance for understanding the content of leadership are the key archetypes of analytical psychology (anima, animus, shadow, self). The author comes to the conclusion that leadership is perceived at all times and among different peoples from common positions: leaders appear in the images of a superman (deity), ruler, hero, sage, transformation. These images can be considered archetypal. Modern images of leadership generated by socio-economic progress and the peculiarities of mass culture, mass production and consumption correlate with the primordial images of leaders, but reflect the current state of society. These are the archetypes of the Achiever, Inspirer, Bureaucrat, Organizer, Team (Project) Leader and Expert.
- Ananchenko M. Yu. The influence of archetypes on ideas about the leader and leadership. Izvestiya Rossiyskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta imeni A. I. Gertsena [Izvestia: Herzen University Journal of Humanities & Sciences], 2009, no. 107, pp. 68–75 (in Russian).
- Jung C. G. Psychologische Typen. Zürich, Rascher & Cie., 1921. 708 p. (Russ. ed.: Jung K.G. Psikhologicheskie tipy. Minsk, Harvest, 2017. 528 p.).
- Jung C. G. Seelenprobleme der Gegenwart. Zü rich, Rascher & cie, 1931. 435 S. (Russ. ed.: Jung K. G. Problemy dushi nashego vremeni. St. Petersburg, Piter, 2020. 326 p.)
- Jung C. G. Archetypen und das Kollektive Unbewusste. Freiburg in Breisgau, Olten, Walter, 1976. 473 S. (Russ. ed.: Jung K. G. Arkhetipy i kollektivnoe bessoznatel’noe. Moscow, AST, 2021. 496 p.).
- Marie-Louise von Franz. Archetypal dimensions of the psyche. Boston, Shambhala, 1997. 405 p. (Russ. ed.: Franz Marie-Louise fon. Arkhetipicheskoe izmerenie psikhiki. Moscow, Club Castalia, 2017. 210 p.).
- Kast V. Die Dynamik der Symbole: Grundlagen der Jungschen Psychotherapie. Freiburg in Breisgau, Olten, Walter, 1990. 262 S. (Russ. ed.: Caste V. Dinamika simvolov. Osnovy yungianskoy psikhoterapii. Moscow, St. Petersburg, Centr gumanitarnykh initsiativ Publ., 2020. 232 p.).
- Hillman J. Archetypal Psychology: A Brief Account. Dallas, Spring Publications, 1983. 88 p. (Russ. ed.: Hillman J. Аrkhetipicheskaya psikhologiya. St. Petersburg, B.S.K., 1996. 157 p.).
- Plato. State. In: Drevnegrecheskaya filosofiya: Ot Platona do Aristotelya [Ancient Greek philosophy: From Plato to Aristotle]. Moscow, AST, Kharkiv, Folio, 2003, pp. 91–438 (in Russian).
- Aristotle. Politics. In: Drevnegrecheskaya filosofiya: Ot Platona do Aristotelya [Ancient Greek philosophy: From Plato to Aristotle]. Moscow, AST, Kharkiv, Folio, 2003, pp. 439–699 (in Russian).
- Aristotle. Sochineniya: v 4 t. [Dovatura A. I., ans. ed. Selected Works: in 4 vols.]. Moscow, Mysl', 1983, vol. 4. 830 p. (in Russian).
- Confucius. Uroki mudrosti [Lessons of Wisdom]. Moscow, Eksmo, Kharkiv, Folio, 2005. 958 p. (in Russian).
- Antologiya filosofii Srednikh vekov i epokhi Vozrozhdeniya [Perevezentsev S. V., compl. Anthology of Philosophy of the Middle Ages and Renaissance]. Moscow, OLMA-PRESS, 2001. 448 p. (in Russian).
- Carlyle T. On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and The Heroic in History. Boston, Ginn & Company, 1901. 396 p. (Russ. ed.: Karlejl’ T. Geroi, pochitanie geroev i geroic heskoe v istorii. St. Petersburg, Izdanie V. I. Yаkovenko, 1908. 264 p.).
- Nietzsche F. The Anti-Christ, Ecce Homo, Twilight of the Idols. New York, Cambridge University Press, 2005. 296 р. (Russ. ed.: Nitshe F. Antikhrist. Ecce Homo. Sumerki idolov. Moscow, AST, 2019. 352 p.).
- Komarov V. V. Organizational leadership: Approaches to defining and classifying leadership styles. Liderstvo i menedzhment [Leadership and Management], 2022, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 439–460 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.18334/lim.9.2.114367
- Turkina V. G. Mythologems as stereotypes of mass consciousness. Nauka, iskusstvo, kul’tura [Science, Art, C ulture], 2016, no. 2 (10), pp. 32–41 (in Russian).
- Kets de Vries Manfred F. R. The Eight Archetypes of Leadership. Harvard Business Review. 2014. Available at: https://hbr.org/2013/12/the-eight-archetypes-ofleadership (accessed 11 November 2023).