методология

While connecting social philosophy with ontology the ontological foundations of the institutional person are opening new unexplored strata of the creation thus greatly broadening the horizons of a scientific research. Using the rational synthesis of religious and scientific world outlook, "mechanical" principles of self-organization of a material world are supplemented by consciousness the forms of which are intrinsic not only to a person.

The article develops the author’s concept of relations between communication and isolation in the structure of the totality of technology and science, the ratio of rational to normative scientific, cognitive and technical structures. The focus is on the nature of ideals and norms of scientific and technical research, the types of scientific and technical rationality, their interdependence, and their role in cognition.

The purpose of article is consideration of methodological transformation of the concept «social space» of a context of social and philosophical thought of the XX century. Withdrawal from an initial identification of physical space and social space is considered, drafts of the spatial analysis of the society, developed by P. Bourdieu and B. Verlen are analyzed. P.

In the article the specificity of methodological function of nothing as category in philosophy and science is revealed. Special attention is paid to methodological function of this category in existentialism, religious philosophy and theology.

The article considers the methodological foundations of international and Russian studies of mentality within the framework of different approaches in the XIX–XX centuries. Having analyzed interpretations of the categories mentality and mental setup and their interrelation in a number of studies, the author’s justification of the differentiation of these categories in social philosophy is offered.

The article considers modern methodological approachers to professional training pedagogic personnel for the sphere of complementory education of children. The author is based the necessity for systematic integration into preparation of actual methodological principles which is realized in two educational spheres – complementory education of children and professional pedagogic education. 

In the article genesis of public consciousness is presented as the motion from primary sinkretichnost through differentiation and polarization to the prospects of spirit forms’ integration. Research of public consciousness forms co-operation is possible within the framework of methodological approaches, based both on separate philosophical conceptions and studies and on general methodologies of scientific-cognitive activity.

Introduction. The article discusses the view on social justice through the prism of the philosophy of Islam, the problem of its study and analysis, from the perspective of explanation and interpretation of sacred texts. The theoretical social base laid down in the Koran and the Sunnah, as well as the social model built during the reign of the four “righteous caliphs” are analyzed. To illustrate the application of the basic methods of Islamic theology to questions of social philosophy, some concrete examples are given. Theoretical analysis.