Philosophical Heritage of Karl Marx as Basis for Judgment of a Phenomenon of Science
The article is devoted to the study, in the context of the tradition of the philosophy of science, of problems of rationality that are characteristic of the scientific research of Karl Marx. The philosophy of science is understood as a historical process and the historical result of the systematic application of the whole semantic potential of philosophy to the comprehension of the phenomenon of science, the history of science. To the analyzed set of the problems of scientific rationality, the logical and methodological, axiological and teleonomical character of Marx’s sociological and economic studies are related. Analysis of the dialectical method of Hegel, anthropological thinking of Feuerbach precedes the interpretation of the specific of the historical novelty of the dialectical materialist methodology of Marx’s comprehension of the essence of man, society, history. The task of understanding the status of the scientific character of his research is been solved. It turns out which regulators of scientific creativity were decisive – the truth or practical interest. Since the concept of the self-developing thinking process developed by Hegel was radically rethought by Marx and applied to the knowledge of capitalist production in the context of the idea of social matter, it is subjected to a kind of rational reconstruction. It is shown that the process of production of human and social life is interpreted as a double relation – natural and social. A certain way of producing life must be connected with a certain way of social activity. In this connection, the constructiveness of the methodological requirement of comprehension of the history of mankind is studied, which must always be studied in connection with the history of industry and exchange.
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