The article deals so internal challenges to Russia, as a demographic problem, the deformation of national identity and leakage of human capital. They considered as interrelated phenomena, which are manifestations of certain global processes that have an objective basis. Using information theory of dynamical systems to build a system of interrelated categories describing these processes, and based on homeostatic modeling examines the specifics of their manifestation in the city and the countryside. We propose recommendations for decision-making in the management of these processes.