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This article is devoted to the research of the problem of the interconnection of consciousness, self-consciousness and spirit in the works of representatives of nonclassical philosophy. The subject of the study is the reflection of the concepts “I” and “spirit” in the writings of representatives of nonclassical philosophy. First of all, the work analyzes different, sometimes diametrically opposed, views of representatives of nonclassical philosophy on the interconnection of the concepts “spirit” and “I”.

The aim of the article is the philosophical comprehension of some results of medico-anthropological research devoted to the problems of mental disorders in the context of social transformations. Following the tradition laid down by the philosophical work of Michel Foucault on the history of madness in modernity, the author proposes to continue the practice of comprehension of the most significant «fragments of insanity» in our modern world. This approach involves maintaining a dialogue with other forms of thought, including a discipline such as medical anthropology.