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Introduction. The work is aimed at revealing the dialectical relationship between the sense of conscience and historical memory, the conditionality of both by the dominant ideals of culture. Theoretical analysis. Using a psychoanalytic approach and the method of critical philosophical reflection, the author focuses on the conditionality of the cognition of history, and at the same time historical memory, by the restrictive framework of conscience, set by the specific orientation of an individual to the ideals of culture. Empirical analysis.

The article analyzes the relationship between citizenship and understanding of justice in modern Russian society. Justice plays a decisive role in the behavior of citizens and the specifics of their civic positions, therefore the research in this area is always relevant. The study is based on the Freudo-Marxist approach, and is carried out by means of the method of critical philosophical reflection. The main attention is focused on the specifics of Russian citizenship in terms of the dominant ideals.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the relationship between the phenomenon of conscience and ideology. The work uses psychoanalytic and cultural-historical approaches, the methods of critical philosophical reflection and dialectical logic are applied. Conscience is viewed as a person’s ability to critically assess his or her thoughts and actions in accordance with personal ideas about what should be done.