The introduction substantiates the relevance of studying moral injury as a psychological “wound of conscience” that shatters the integrity of the personality, disrupts its worldview and deep moral convictions about justice and the meaningfulness of human existence. This relevance is driven by global challenges of modern society, the expanding understanding of the psychological consequences of extreme stress, the scaling of risk groups susceptible to moral injuries, and the destructiveness of their consequences for both an individual and society. Theoretical analysis. The purpose of the paper is a theoretical reflection on the socio-cognitive architectonics of moral injury from the standpoint of the author’s concept of personal representations of the «Self–Other» interaction. It is shown that internalized interaction patterns determine personality formation and psychopathology, functioning not so much as unconscious patterns but as semantic and evaluative structures of consciousness that organize the experience of interpersonal relationships. It was revealed that moral injury arises from a conflicting discrepancy in personal representations of the Self–Other interaction, which affect attitudes towards oneself, the world, and other people, causing profound disruptions at the emotional, cognitive, social, and spiritual levels. Conclusion. It is established that moral injury is a catastrophic discrepancy in the structure of key personal representations of interaction, which leads to the disintegration of the holistic self-image as a moral subject. A clear algorithm for psychological work is proposed, aimed at transforming traumatic personal representations of interaction and restoring the individual’s capacity for the semantic processing of experience.