болезнь

The aim of the article is to analyze the problems of the illness in the socio-cultural aspect. The illness is not only a pathological condition of the organism, but also a moral shock and social drama. Throughout human history took place the evolution of the nature of the major diseases that threaten human health and forms of social reactions to them. The social response to the illness in primitive societies of hunters and gatherers was to unite all social group around the ill.

The article examines the phenomenon of disease. The author thinksthat this phenomenon is a complex system of many reasons with factors, influencing each other. That means that it is necessary toanalyze total combination of the person’s development conditions, theobjective social situation of development (L.S. Vygotsky), which putthe person into chronic somatic disease.The author has worked out and approved the concept of the diseasesituation.

The subjective perception of experience of health and illness which depending on expressiveness alexithymia is considered in article. The author offers the description of two basic strategy of experience of these conditions: active and passive. The revealed features elaborate representations about an internal picture of health and illness as the uniform adaptable process realizing both of form: the self-attitude and the attitude to the world; at the same time this process is a part of adaptable potential of the person.