Substantial and Semantic Characteristics of Students' Ideas About Hope
The purpose of the study described in the article was to identify the characteristics of perception of hope by students with different levels of dispositional hope. The study was performed on a student sample (N=73), whose average age is 19 years with the use of the following psychodiagnostic tools: the semantic differential by C. Osgood; “Hope Scale” by R. Snyder adapted by K. Muzdybaev with the subsequent application of the method of semantic universals and factor analysis. Supposedly, in general, hope is perceived by students as a psychological resource, has positive connotation and can be endowed with characteristics of passivity. It is shown that the students’ semantic spaces of hope with both low and high level of dispositional hope reflect both a positive and negative emotional attitude to this phenomenon. The factor structure of ideas about hope of students with a high level of dispositional hope includes factors that reflect the notions of it as chaotic and passive. The factor structure of ideas about hope of students with a low level of dispositional hope contains factors that characterize it as an internal force that organizes and causes positive emotions. At the same time, hope in this group appears to be tense and passive. The applied aspect of the investigated problem can be used in further studies in the field of positive psychology.
1. Muzdybaev K. Fenomenologiya nadezhdy [Phenomenology of hope]. Psikhologicheskiy zhurn. [Psychological Journal], 1999, no. 20 (3), pp. 18–27 (in Russian).
2. Seligman M. E. P. Authentic happiness: Using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfi llment. New York, 2002. 215 p. (Russ. ed.: Seligman M. E. P. Novaya pozitivnaya psikhologiya: Nauchnyy vzglyad na shchaste i smysl zhizni. Moscow, 2006. 368 p.).
3. Snyder C. R., Rand K. L., Sigmon D. R. Hope theory: a member of the positive psychology family. In: Handbook of positive psychology. Eds. C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez. New York, 2002, pp. 257–347.
4. Labunskaya V. A. Nadezhda kak usloviepsikhologicheskoy bezopasnosti lichnosti i obshchestva [Hope as a condition of psychological safety of the individual and society]. Sotsialnaya psikhologiya i obshestvo [Social Psychology and Society], 2011, no. 4, pp. 15–26 (in Russian).
5. Fadeeva T. Yu. Vzaimosvyaz’ nadezhdy i kopingstrategiy lichnosti [Interrelation of hope and coping strategies of personality]. In: Gumanitarnye osnovaniya sotsialnogo progressa: Rossiya i sovremennost’: sb. st. Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konfi .: v 8 ch. Pod red. V. S. Belgorodskogo, O. V. Kashcheeva, V. V. Zotova, I. V. Antonenko [Humanitarian foundations of social progress: Russia and the present: a collection of articles of the International Scientifi c and Practical Conference: in 8 parts. Part 8. Eds. V. S. Belgorodskiy, O. V. Kashcheev, V. V. Zotov, I. V. Antonenko]. Moscow, 2016, pp. 188–192 (in Russian).
6. Fadeeva T. Yu. Vzaimosvyaz’ nadezhdy i zashchitnykh mekhanizmov lichnosti [Interrelation of hope and personal defense mechanisms]. Konfl ikty v sovremennom mire: mezhdunarodnoe, gosudarstvennoe i mezhlichnostnoe izmerenie: materialy V Mezhdunar. nauch. konfi . (Saratov, 8 aprelya 2016 g. Otv. red. Yu. O. Bronnikovoy, L. V. Myasnikovoy, T. G. Firsovoy [Confl icts in the modern world: international, state and interpersonal dimension: materials of the V International Scientifi c Conference (Saratov, April 8, 2016). Eds. Yu. O. Bronnikova, L. V. Myasnikova, T. G. Firsova]. Moscow, 2016, pp. 725–730 (in Russian).
7. Vinichuk N. V. Osobennosti predstavleniy psikhosomaticheskikh bolnykh o cschaste (Features of representations of happiness in psychosomatic patients). Psikhologicheskie Issledovaniya (Psichological Studies), 2012, no. 2 (22), p. 7. Available at: http://psystudy.ru (accessed 07 November 2017) (in Russian).
8. Perminova I. V. Predstavleniya o lyubvi i udovletvorennost zhiznyu i brakom suprugov (Ideas about love and satisfaction with life and marriage of spouses). Kontsept: nauch.-metod. electron. zhurn., 2017, no. 6. Available at: http://e-kon-cept.ru/2017/170133.htm (accessed 7 October 2017) (in Russian).
9. Bocharova E. E. Nravstvennye orientatsii i subktivnoe blagopoluchie molodezhi raznykh etnogrupp [Moral Orientation and Subjective Well-Being of Young People from Different Ethnic Groups]. Izv. Saratov Univ. (N. S.), Ser. Educational Acmeology. Developmental Psychology, 2016, vol. 5, iss. 2, pp. 143–150 (in Russian).
10. Mansurova I. S. Osobennosti vyrazhennosti nadezhdy v svyazi s udovletvorennost’yu zhizn’yu i otsenkoy znachimykh sobytiy [Features an expression of hope in relation to life satisfaction and evaluation of signifi cant events]. Dis. Cand. Sci. (Psychol.). Rostov-on-Don, 2008. 226 p. (in Russian).
11. Perfi leva N. P. «Nadezhda» v sisteme modusnykh kategoriy [Hope as a Modus Category]. Vestn. Novosib. gos. ped. un-ta [Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University Bulletin], 2016, no. 6, pp. 201–211 (in Russian).
12. Balashova E. Yu. Diskursivnyy analiz metaforicheskogo segmenta kontseptualnogo polya nadezhda/hope v russkom i angliyskom yazykakh [Discursive analysis of the metaphorical segment of the conceptual fi eld of hope/hope in Russian and English]. Fundamentalnye issledovaniya [Fundamental Research], 2015, no. 2, part 10, pp. 2271–2274 (in Russian).
13. Moshina E. A. Sopostavitel’nyy analiz sposobov obektivatsii kontseptov nadezhda i hope v russkoy i angliyskoy yazykovykh kartinakh mira [Comparative analysis of the ways of objectifying the concepts of hope and hope in Russian and English language pictures of the world]. Thesis Diss. Cand. (Philol.). Volgograd, 2006. 15 p. (in Russian).
14. Osgood C. E. Semantic differential technijue in the comparative study of cultures. American Antropologist, 1964 (Jure), vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 171–200 (Russ. ed.: Osgood C. E. Metod semanticheskogo differentsiala v sravnitelnom issledovanii ku’tur: v 2 ch. Ch. 1.). Sotsiologiya: metodologiya, metody i matematicheskoe modelirovanie (4M), 2012, no. 34, pp. 172–201.
15. Vundt B. Ocherk psikhologii [Essay of psychology]. St. Petersburg, 1896. 222 p. (in Russian).
16. Serkin V. P. Metody psikhologii sub”ektivnoy semantiki i psikhosemantiki [Methods of psychology of subjective semantics and psychosemantics]. Moscow, 2008. 382 p. (in Russian).